This book is a comparative and critical introduction to various major social theories and methods with an emphasis on the implicit assumptions upon which they are founded. It aims to go beyond the conventional theories and methods in social sciences that are colored with Eurocentrism. It attempts to teach the reader not only the existing theories but also the art of theory-building. This book intends to enable students of social sciences to achieve “intellectual independence” by explaining how to critically and comparatively analyze existing theories and methods; to identify the origins of existing theories, methods, and ideas; and to produce their own ideas.